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A
B
Bark--Areas of fiber from outside a tree.
Bevel--Machine angle other than a right angle. That is, a
3-degree bevel which is equivalent to a 1/8-in. drop in a 2-in. span.
Beveled edge--Edge of a door which forms an angle of less than 90
degrees with the wide face of the door, such as a 3-degree beveled edge.
Blister--Spot or area where veneer does not adhere.
Book size--The height and width of a door before prefitting.
Bow--A flatwise deviation from a straight line drawn from top
to bottom; a curvature along the width of the door.
Brashness--Condition of wood characterized by low resistance to shock
and by abrupt failure across the grain without splintering.
Burl--Swirl or twist in grain of wood, which usually occurs near
a knot but does not contain a knot.
Butt joint--Joint formed by square edge surfaces (ends, edges, faces)
coming together.
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C
Chalk--White or other color chalk marks used by mills for some form of
identification marking defects for repair.
Chatter--Lines appearing across the panel at right angles to the grain giving
the appearance of one or more corrugations resulting from bad setting of
sanding equipment.
Chicken tracks--Expression for scars which give the particular effect of a chicken's
footprint. It is caused by air roots or vines.
Clustered--When a defect described in the grading rule is sufficient in number
and sufficiently close together to appear to be concentrated in one area.
Composition face
panels--A door face panel made of a wood derivative.
Core--
Innermost layer of section in flush door construction. Types of
construction include: wood block; particleboard; wood block (lined);
hollow; ladder; mesh or cellular.
Core (Wood Block)--Solid core of wood blocks or strips
Core (Particleboard)--Sold core of wood or other lignocellulose particles bonded together,
cured under heat, and pressed into a rigid panel.
Core (Wood Block, Lined)-- Solid core of two parts: a central wood block core bonded to two core
liners of wood or other lignocellulose materials.
Core (Hollow)--Core assembly of strips or other units of wood, wood derivative, or
insulation board, with intervening hollow cells or spaces which support
outer faces.
Core (Ladder)--Hollow core composed of strips of wood, wood derivative, or insulation
board with the strips running either horizontally or vertically throughout
the core area with air cells and/or spaces between the strips and
supporting the door faces.
Core (Mesh or
Cellular)--Hollow core composed of strips of wood, wood derivative, or insulation
board, interlocked and running horizontally, vertically, or diagonally
throughout the core area with air cells and/or spaces betwe en the strips
and supporting the outer faces.
Crossbanding--Veneer placed between the core and face veneers of plywood face panels
of wood flush doors in which the direction of the grain in 2-ply
construction is at right angles to that of the face veneer.
Cross bar--Type of figure or irregularity of grain resembling a dip in the grain,
running at right angles, or nearly so, to the length of the veneer.
Cross break--Separation of wood cells across the grain.
Cup--A deviation from a straight line drawn from side-to-side; a curvature
along the width of a door.
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D
Delamination--separation
of plies or layers of wood or other materials through failure at
an adhesive joint.
Discolorations--Stains
in wood substances. Common are sap stains and blue stains.
Doze--Form
of incipient decay characterized by a dull and lifeless appearance
of the wood, accompanied by a lack of strength and a softening of
the wood substance.
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E
Edge band--Strip along the outside edges of the two sides and/or top and bottom
of a door.
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F
Face panels--Hardwood plywood, high pressure laminate, hardboard, or composition
panels or combination thereof, whether flat or configured, which are used
for the faces of flush doors.
Fill (putty
repairs)--Repair to an open defect with fast-drying plastic putty.
Finger joint--Series of interlocking fingers cut on the ends of two pieces of wood
which mesh together and are held by adhesive.
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G
Gap-- Open splits in the inner ply or plies, or improperly joined veneer
when joined veneers are used for inner plies.
Gum spots--Well-defined openings between rings of annual growth, usually
containing gum or pitch.
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H
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I
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J
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K
Kiln-dried--Lumber
dried in a closed chamber in which the removal of moisture is
controlled by artificial heat and usually by relative
humidity.
Lumber dried in a closed chamber in which the removal of moisture is
controlled by artificial heat and usually by relative humidity.
Knife marks--Very fine lines that appear across a panel that may look as if they
are raised resulting from some defect.
Knot (sound)--Cross section of a branch or limb with grain usually running at right
angles to that of the wood in which it occurs.
Knot holes--Voids produced by knots dropping from the wood in which they were
originally embedded.
Knots (pin)--Sound knots less than 1/4-in. in diameter.
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L
Lap--Condition where veneers composing plywood are so misplaced that one
piece overlaps the other and does not make a smooth joint.
Lock block--Concealed block same thickness as a door stile or core which is
adjacent to the inside edge of the stile at the midpoint and into which a
lock is fitted.
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M
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N
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O
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P
Patches--Matching wood pieces carefully inserted and glued into the door face
after defective portions have been removed.
Pitch--Bleeding resin.
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Q
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R
Rails--
Cross or horizontal pieces of the framework of a wood flush door.
Rail (bottom)--Bottom cross or horizontal piece of a door.
Rail (top)--Top cross or horizontal piece of a door.
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S
Shake--Separation along the grain, the greater part of which occurs between
the rings of annual growth.
Shims--A split repaired in a piece of wood veneer.
Show-through--Irregular surfaces visible on the face of a wood flush door.
Standard door--By industry practice, a standard door is book size in both width and
height.
Stiles--Upright or vertical pieces of the framework of a wood flush door.
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T
Tape--Strips of gummed paper used to hold edges of veneer together at the
joints before gluing.
Telegraphing-- Visible irregularities in surface of face of plywood caused by
corresponding irregularities in the underlaying plies such as core laps,
voids, or extraneous matter.
Twist--A deviation in which one or two corners of a door are out of plane
with the other corners of the door.
Types (door
styles)-- The selection includes exterior entrance doors, interior passage
doors, French or casement doors, bi-fold doors, side lights, patio sliding
and swinging doors, thermal insulated-glass doors, louver do ors, screen
doors, and specialty door products. Several selected types are illustrated
here.
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U
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V
Vine streaks
(marks)-- Scars in wood generally caused by the stems of vines clinging by their
hair-like roots to the tree trunk.
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W
Warp-- Any distortion in the plane of a door itself and not its relationship
to the frame or jamb in which it is to be hung. Warp includes bow, cup,
and twist:
Wood flush
door--Stressed skin construction consisting of a core, stiles, and rails,
and or/edge banding, two face panels, almost all of which are wood, wood
derivative. materials, or high pressure decorative laminate.
Worm track or
scar--Groove or resulting scar tissue in wood caused by worms or other
borers.
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X
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Y
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Z
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